Essay on Water Pollution: Introduction, Sources, Causes, Effects, Prevention & Control,Ganga River Pollution
WebThe main pollutant of river water is industrial waste. River Jamuna in Delhi receives kg of dissolved solids, kg of heavy metals and kg of detergent every day. In its 48 WebIndia is among leading countries in relation to water pollution. Water pollution is a problem that has many effects on the environment. Additionally, water is a primary need WebJun 15, · Pollution and specifically water pollution is a problem facing the entire world; however it is a serious problem facing India today. This includes most of India’s WebWater pollution is a serious environmental issue. Water is said to be polluted if its physical, biological, and chemical properties are deteriorated via anthropogenic and natural ... read more
This water is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients. This method was devised by NEERI at Nagpur. Water pollution can be controlled to a certain extent by reutilizing the wastes, called recycling. In developed countries the waste water consisting of industrial effluents, domestic sewage, thermal pollutants, radioactive pollutants and municipal sullage etc. receive some sort of treatment before these get mixed into the water bodies. The dung of cattle can be reused for the production of gobar gas. Sewage can be reused for irrigation and pisciculture after treatment in oxidation pond. Water pollution control by sewage treatment includes the following steps:. a Sedimentation :. When sewage is allowed to stand, the suspended particles settle to the bottom. So by sedimentation the suspended particles are removed from sewage.
b Dilution :. The sewage can be diluted with water. This increases the O 2 contents and reduces BOD and CO 2. c Storage :. The dilution sewage is stored in a pond. This facilitates the growth of microbes. This renders further oxidation of sewage. Various techniques involved in the removal of biological, chemical and radioactive water pollutants may be adsorption, electro-dialysis, ion-exchange, reverse-osmosis etc. i Removal of Phosphorus by Electrolysis :. The removal of phosphorus reduces the eutrophication of lake and rivers.
Phosphorus compounds in the sewage get precipitated as calcium or magnesium phosphate. These salts along with sludge and suspended particles adhere to Mg OH 2 at the negative pole during electrolysis. Hydrogen gas liberated during electrolysis makes the phosphate and sludge to float on the surface as scum, which can be scraped off from the top layer. Chlorine produced at the positive pole can be used for disinfection at the outlet. ii Electro-Dialysis :. Placing an electrical potential difference across the waste water produces an electric current, making the cations to migrate toward the cathode and the anions to migrate toward the anode.
Membranes really ion-exchange resins in sheet form permeable to only cations or only anions are used to control the migration of the ions and permit demineralized water to be taken out of the appropriate chambers. Organic molecules are not removed and they can collect on and clog the membranes. iii Removal of Salts [Reverse Osmosis Technique ]:. Various toxic substances and salts present in the water can be removed by reverse osmosis by forcing the waste water through a semipermeable membrane under a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure.
During the process, flow occurs in the reverse direction. The solvent is attracted while the solute is repelled. This method is commonly used to desalinate the brackish water and to purify water from sewage. Process of reverse osmosis is the opposite phenomenon of osmosis and is produced by applying pressure to the more concentrated solution and thereby forcing water to the side of the membrane. Reverse osmosis reduces both the organic and inorganic content of the waste water but some fouling of membranes may still occur. Ion exchange can be accomplished by the use of natural materials Example — zeolite and synthetic materials such as ion-exchange resins.
The resins can be regenerated by treatment with H 2 SO 4 for cationic resins or NaOH for anionic resins. Ion exchange is very effective and produces high quality effluents and it is possible to mix treated water with untreated water to produce effluent of any desired quality. At present the cost of this treatment has been fairly high. One natural zeolite, clinoptilolite, seems to adsorb both phosphate and NH 4 ions and may prove to be of great value. Mercury can be removed from chloro-alkali effluent plants by applying mercury- selective ion exchange resin. It can be removed from waste water of chemical industries by ion-exchange technique as described above.
The sodium salts can be removed from industrial effluents by reverse osmosis. Phosphorus and its compounds can be removed from industrial effluents viz. By the polymeric absorbents, phenolic compounds from the waste water of pulp and paper mills, tanneries, petroleum refineries and resin plants can be recovered. The brackish waste water from industries can be decolourized by electrolytic decomposition technique. Essay Suggested Approaches to Prevent Water Pollution : The objective of all control legislation and management are the same, i. In developed industrialized countries, the system of administrative agreement for the release of effluents into aquatic bodies, considering technological and economic conditions, have been established. The system includes consent conditions, abatement requirements, enforcement methods and severe tax penalties for violating the rules of agreed limits.
Discharge license has to be issued to any polluter by any competent authority or organization like water pollution control authority, a state government or a federal agency to avoid water pollution. Incentives can be applied to waste water discharges to maintain the desired quality in the receiving water. This scheme may enable to prevent environmental damage prior to the construction of industrial plant. The format will have to be prepared by environmentalists and scientists. Water Pollution Prevention and Control of Act, , was adopted by 16 stages in India up to and they also constituted Water Pollution Control Boards. Central Water Pollution Control Board is set up in New Delhi to coordinate the work of State Boards and Union Territories.
The principal functions of a State Pollution Control Board are:. i To educate the water consuming industries for effective water pollution control. ii To conduct seminars and workshops for water pollution control. iii To evolve effective and efficient methods of disposal of sewage and industrial effluents. iv To perform functions from time to time as suggested by the Central Pollution Control Board. v To carry out sewages of aquatic bodies for classification for the beneficial uses of water. vi To encourage, conduct and participate in investigations and research programmes related to water pollution and its prevention.
Prevention and Control of Water Pollution Act was implemented in and amended in Causes Of Water Pollution Essay Essay on Water Pollution Essay Contents: Essay on to Water Pollution [Introduction] Essay on the Nature of Water Pollutants Essay on the Categories of Water Pollution Essay on the Sources of Water Pollution Essay on the Causes of Water Pollution Essay on Water Pollution by Industrial Wastes Essay on the Effects of Water Pollution Essay on the Impact of Water Pollution on Public Health Essay on the Methods for Water Pollution Control Essay on the Suggested Approaches to Prevent Water Pollution Essay 1.
These disturb the normal use of water for: i Public water supply, ii Recreation and aesthetics, iii Fish, other aquatic life and wildlife, iv Agriculture, and v Industry. Thus, water quality characterization must take into account: a The distribution dynamics of chemicals in the aqueous phase soluble, colloidal or adsorbed on particulate matter ; b Accumulation and release of chemicals by the aquatic biota; c Accumulation and release of bottom deposits; and d Inputs from land and atmosphere, e. Oxygen-Demanding Wastes : Oxygen is a basic requirement of almost all plant and animal life-forms in any given body of water. Disease-Causing Agents : There are various types of pathogenic microorganisms that pass through their host species and may enter the aquatic ecosystem, for example, by way of contamination from human or animal waste.
Thermal Pollution : The discharge of cooling water from industrial and commercial operations may artificially heat up the aquatic environment. Sediments and Debris : Soils, sands, and silts washed from the surrounding lands naturally follow a progression of turning wetlands into dry land. Plant Nutrients : In this category, the primary focus is on fertilizing chemicals such as nitrates and phosphates. Inorganic Chemicals and Minerals : This type of pollution is generally associated with various types of mining and industrial processing operations. Synthetic Organic Compounds : Especially since World War II, the production of synthetic chemicals has risen at an overwhelming rate. Radioactive Substances : Radioactively unstable elements emit forms of radiation that can be highly injurious to aquatic organisms by affecting biological process such as reproduction, or can be directly lethal.
Biological Pollution : The introduction of a non-indigenous species into an established environment by man very often has led to disastrous consequences. Industrial Effluents : Waste water from manufacturing or chemical processes in industries contributes to water pollution. Point Source: It refers to contaminants that enter a waterway from a single, identifiable source, such as a pipe or ditch. Non-Point Source: It refers to water contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source. Natural Substances: Natural Substances like plant leaves, grass, dead and decayed animals, microorganisms etc. Organic, Inorganic and Macroscopic Contaminants: a.
Organic water pollutants include: i. Detergents ii. Disinfection by-products found in chemically disinfected drinking water, such as chloroform iii. Food processing waste, which can include oxygen-demanding substances, fats and grease iv. Insecticides and herbicides, a huge range of organo-halides and other chemical compounds v. Polychlorinated biphenyl PCBs. Inorganic water pollutants include: i. Acidity caused by industrial discharges especially sulfur dioxide from power plants ii. Ammonia from food processing waste iii. Chemical waste as industrial by-products iv. Fertilizers containing nutrients-nitrates and phosphates—which are found in storm water runoff from agriculture, as well as commercial and residential use v.
Heavy metals from motor vehicles and acid mine drainage vi. Macroscopic Contaminants Include: i. paper, plastic, or food waste discarded by people on the ground, along with accidental or intentional dumping of rubbish, that are washed by rainfall into storm drains and eventually discharged into surface waters ii. Shipwrecks, large derelict ships. Thermal Pollution: It is the rise or fall in the temperature of a natural body of water caused by human influence. Biological Pollutants: There are microorganisms bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminthes that are harmful to humans and other forms of life.
i Direct Effect on the Human Beings: By drinking polluted water, much damage is caused to human body. The diseases spread by polluted water are known as water born diseases: a. Cholera, typhoid, diarrhoea, etc. Hepatitis, jaundice etc. Amoebiosis, stomach and intestinal infection etc. Tape worm, ring worm, water caused diseases. ii Effect on Aquatic Animals: Pollution in water harms the aquatic life in a great way: a. The oil pollution in ocean harms aquatic animals in the sea. Due to thermal pollution loss of many aquatic lives.
iii Effect on other Animals: a. iv Effect on Vegetation: Due to pollution in water vegetation of an area, is either damaged or some species are permanently missing from that area: a. Affecting genetic diversity of many water bodies. BOD and COD in polluted water is high. Arsenic — causes liver damage, skin cancer and vascular diseases 5. Water pollution problem can be minimized by adopting the following techniques: 1. Stabilization of the waste 2. Recycling of the waste 3. Waste treatment 4. Removal of pollutants. Stabilization of the Waste : It is the most relevant economical and wise way to control water pollution.
Recycling of the Waste : Water pollution can be controlled to a certain extent by reutilizing the wastes, called recycling. Examples- a. Waste Treatment : Water pollution control by sewage treatment includes the following steps: a Sedimentation b Dilution, and c Storage. a Sedimentation : When sewage is allowed to stand, the suspended particles settle to the bottom. b Dilution : The sewage can be diluted with water. c Storage : The dilution sewage is stored in a pond. Removal of Pollutants : Various techniques involved in the removal of biological, chemical and radioactive water pollutants may be adsorption, electro-dialysis, ion-exchange, reverse-osmosis etc.
ii Electro-Dialysis : Placing an electrical potential difference across the waste water produces an electric current, making the cations to migrate toward the cathode and the anions to migrate toward the anode. iii Removal of Salts [Reverse Osmosis Technique ]: Various toxic substances and salts present in the water can be removed by reverse osmosis by forcing the waste water through a semipermeable membrane under a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure. Water Pollution in India Good Essays. Open Document. Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. In a house that was near the Ganges River, there lived a wealthy family that was doing their chores. This family included a mother, father, and a boy.
While Chaitanya was doing his daily chores that day, his mother came over and asked him if he was willing to do an extra chore for her. This chore was washing clothes in the Ganges River. Chaitanya told her that he was happy to do that for her. His mother gave him the clothes that she wanted him to wash and then went straight down to the Ganges River. Pollution and specifically water pollution is a problem facing the entire world; however it is a serious problem facing India today. The Ganges River is located in the North Eastern part of India. The quality of the education system is one of the main reasons why the water pollution rates are very high in India.
This is because it is not up to the standard as compared to many developed countries, such as the USA and Canada. This includes how to dispose their garbage, how to make proper sewage systems, and how to clean water so that it can be drinkable or usable to wash things with. One of. Continue Reading. You May Also Find These Documents Helpful. Good Essays. Water Pollution Words 12 Pages. Water Pollution. Read More. Better Essays. Bacterial Contamination of Water Words 5 Pages. Bacterial Contamination of Water.
Water Pollution Words 3 Pages. Water Pollution Words 4 Pages. Powerful Essays. Sustainability of Rain Water Harvesting System in Terms of Water Quality: a Case Study Words 18 Pages. Sustainability of Rain Water Harvesting System in Terms of Water Quality: a Case Study. Ground Water Depletion Words 25 Pages. Ground Water Depletion. Water Pollution Words 8 Pages. Water Pollution Words 7 Pages. Satisfactory Essays. Runoff or Infiltration- After precipitation, the water either flows to the water bodies called runoff or is absorbed into the soil, called infiltration. There are many reasons for water pollution. Some of the reasons are directly affected by water pollution and some indirectly. Many factories and industries are dumping contaminated water, chemicals, and heavy metals into major waterways as a result of direct water pollution.
One more reason for water pollution is the use of modern techniques in farms. Farmers apply nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium in the form of chemical fertilizers, manure, and sludge. It causes farms to discharge large quantities of agrochemicals, organic matter, and saline drainage into water bodies. It indirectly affects water pollution. Pollutants can be of various types such as organic, inorganic, radioactive etc. Water pollutants are discharged either from one point from pipes, channels etc. They can be agricultural areas, industries etc. Some of the major forms of water pollutants are as follows:. Sewage- Domestic sewage from homes contains various forms of pathogens that threaten the human body.
Sewage treatment reduces the risk of pathogens, but this risk is not eliminated. Domestic sewage majorly contains nitrates and phosphates, and excess of these substances allows the algae to grow on the surface of water bodies. Due to this, the clean water bodies become nutrient-rich water body and then slowly, the oxygen level of water bodies reduces. This is called eutrophication or cultural eutrophication if this step rapidly takes place by the activities of humans. This leads to the early death of water bodies. Toxins- The industrial or factory wastes that are not disposed of properly and contain chemicals such as mercury and lead are disposed of in the water bodies making the bodies toxic, radioactive, explosive and cancerous.
Sediments- Sediments are the result of soil erosion that is formed in the water bodies. These sediments imbalances the water bodies ecologically. They also interfere in the reproductive cycle of various aquatic animals living in the water. Thermal pollution- Water bodies get polluted because of heat, and excess heat reduces the oxygen level of the water bodies. Some of the species of fish cannot live in such water bodies with very low oxygen levels. The disposal of cold waters from the power plants leads to increased thermal pollution in the water bodies. Petroleum oil pollution- The runoff of oil into the water bodies, either accidentally as happened in in the Gulf of Mexico, or intentionally, leads to an increase in water pollution.
As water is an important element of human health, polluted water directly affects the human body. Water pollution causes various diseases like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, cancer, etc. Water pollution damages the plants and aquatic animals present in the river by reducing the oxygen content from the water. Polluted water washes the essential nutrients which plants need out of the soil and also leaves large amounts of aluminium in the soil, which can be harmful to plants.
Hello, students today we have come up with an essay on Water Pollution. In this essay we have given information about water pollution and have told how it effects us. So lets us start with the essay. Water pollution is a significant environmental problem that affects not only India but also countries all over the world. It occurs when contaminants, such as chemicals, pathogens, and waste, are introduced into water bodies, making the water unsafe for human consumption and use. In India, water pollution is a major problem that affects both surface water and groundwater. Surface water, such as rivers, lakes, and streams, can become contaminated by pollutants from various sources, including industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and sewage.
Groundwater, which is water found underground in aquifers, can also be contaminated by pollutants that leach into the soil from surface sources. The consequences of water pollution are far-reaching and can have serious impacts on human health, the environment, and the economy. When people consume contaminated water, they may suffer from a range of illnesses, including diarrhea, cholera, and other waterborne diseases. These illnesses can be particularly dangerous for vulnerable populations, such as young children and pregnant women. Water pollution also has serious impacts on the environment. Contaminated water can harm aquatic plants and animals, disrupt the balance of ecosystems, and reduce the overall quality of water bodies.
This can lead to a decline in biodiversity and the loss of valuable resources, such as fish and other seafood. In addition to the environmental and health impacts of water pollution, it also has significant economic consequences. The cost of treating and managing contaminated water can be high, and the loss of resources, such as fish and tourism, can have a significant impact on local economies. There are several measures that can be taken to address water pollution in India. One solution is to increase the use of wastewater treatment plants, which are designed to remove pollutants from sewage and other wastewater before it is released into the environment. Another solution is to implement stricter regulations and standards for industrial and agricultural discharges, to ensure that they do not contribute to water pollution.
Another potential solution is to promote the use of best management practices in agriculture, such as using cover crops and buffer zones to reduce the number of chemicals and other pollutants that enter water bodies. Additionally, efforts can be made to educate the public about the importance of water conservation and proper waste disposal, to reduce the amount of pollution that enters water bodies. In conclusion, water pollution is a major problem in India and around the world, with serious consequences for human health, the environment, and the economy. By implementing effective solutions, such as wastewater treatment, stricter regulations, and best management practices, it is possible to reduce the levels of water pollution and ensure that our water resources are clean and safe for everyone.
Students, what do you think how can we reduce water pollution? Do tell us in the comment section below. This essay can be used by students of classes 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th for their educational purposes. This essay can also be used on the following topics. Students, we hope you have liked this essay and if you need an essay on any topic then do tell us in the comment section below. Home About Our Policy Contact. Home Descriptive Imagination My Favourite Famous Personality Festivals. Home Social Essay on Water Pollution in English [Essay for Students] Essay on Water Pollution in English [Essay for Students] Author December 30, Tags: Descriptive Educational Pollution Social. Facebook Twitter.
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Essay on Water Pollution in English | [Essay for Students],Water Pollution
WebJun 15, · Pollution and specifically water pollution is a problem facing the entire world; however it is a serious problem facing India today. This includes most of India’s WebWater pollution is a serious environmental issue. Water is said to be polluted if its physical, biological, and chemical properties are deteriorated via anthropogenic and natural WebIndia is among leading countries in relation to water pollution. Water pollution is a problem that has many effects on the environment. Additionally, water is a primary need WebThe main pollutant of river water is industrial waste. River Jamuna in Delhi receives kg of dissolved solids, kg of heavy metals and kg of detergent every day. In its 48 ... read more
This pollution is caused by the discharge of pollutants directly or indirectly into water bodies without any concern for its toxicity or its effect on the environment. There are places such as India where access to clean drinking water is not yet possible for all. Amoebiosis, stomach and intestinal infection etc. Essay on the Nature of Water Pollutants 3. They wash clothes and cattle and pollute the rivers and lakes. When the organic pollution load is small and DO content of receiving water are high, the aerobic bacteria break down the organic matter into simple compounds, which are relatively harmless, stable and odourless. Pollution is a result of a cumulative effect with respect to time.
Insecticides and herbicides, a huge range of organo-halides and other chemical compounds v. cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance 11 months This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This includes how to dispose their garbage, how to make proper sewage systems, and how to clean water so that it can be drinkable or usable to wash things with, water pollution in india essay. It does not store any personal data. Essay on the Introduction to Water Pollution 2. Water pollution problem can be minimized by adopting the following techniques:. In a house that was near the Ganges River, there lived a wealthy family that was doing their chores.
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